Top 10 Oldest Dog Breeds In World

Dogs have been humanity’s loyal companions for thousands of years. These ancient breeds are more than just pets; they are living pieces of history that have walked alongside us, serving as protectors, hunters, and cherished family members. In this blog, we explore the top 10 oldest dog breeds, their historical significance, unique physical traits, and interesting facts that make them timeless companions.

List of Oldest Dog Breeds

Saluki

The Saluki, also known as the “Royal Dog of Egypt,” is believed to be one of the oldest dog breeds, with origins tracing back as far as 7,000 BC. Often depicted in ancient Egyptian art, Salukis were treasured by royalty and revered for their exceptional hunting skills. They were seen as sacred animals, even mummified alongside pharaohs.

Physical Traits: Salukis have a graceful, slim build with long legs and a sleek, elegant appearance. Their short, smooth coats come in various colors, including white, fawn, red, and black. Some have feathered ears and tails, adding to their regal presence.

Facts

• Salukis are known for their incredible speed and endurance, making them excellent hunters of game-like gazelles.
• The breed is known for being aloof yet deeply bonded to their family members, often displaying a reserved but affectionate demeanor.

Afghan Hound

The Afghan Hound’s history can be traced back to the mountainous regions of Afghanistan. It is believed that these dogs have existed for over 6,000 years, revered for their speed, agility, and ability to hunt in rugged terrains. Their isolation in the mountains helped preserve their ancient lineage, making them one of the most unchanged breeds over millennia.

Physical Traits: Afghan Hounds are known for their luxurious, flowing coats and aristocratic appearance. They have a tall, slender build and are often compared to royalty due to their elegant posture. Their coat can be any color, and it requires regular grooming.

Facts

• Despite their refined appearance, Afghan Hounds are known for their independent and sometimes stubborn nature.
• They are incredibly fast runners and were originally bred to chase large prey in harsh environments.

Basenji

The Basenji, often referred to as the “barkless dog,” is believed to have originated in Africa, specifically in the Congo region. Depictions of dogs resembling the Basenji appear in ancient Egyptian tombs dating back over 5,000 years. These dogs were highly valued for their intelligence and hunting prowess, particularly in tracking and chasing small game.

Physical Traits: Basenjis are small to medium-sized dogs with short coats, curled tails, and erect ears. Their sleek and muscular build allows them to move quickly and with great agility. They come in various colors, including red, black, brindle, and tri-color.

Facts

• Basenjis are known for their unique yodel-like sound, called a “baroo,” because their larynx doesn’t allow them to bark like other dogs.
• They are incredibly clean dogs, often grooming themselves like cats.

Akita Inu

The Akita Inu is an ancient breed from Japan, with a history dating back around 2,000 years. Originally bred to guard Japanese royalty and nobility, the Akita Inu also served as hunting dogs for large game, such as bears. They are known for their loyalty and bravery, and they hold a special place in Japanese culture.

Physical Traits: Akitas are large, powerful dogs with a thick double coat that comes in a variety of colors, including white, brindle, and red. They have a curled tail, a broad head, and a strong, muscular body built for both protection and endurance.

Facts

• Akitas are symbols of loyalty and protection in Japan, often depicted in statues and artwork.
• One famous Akita, named Hachiko, waited at a train station every day for nine years after his owner’s death, symbolizing the breed’s deep sense of loyalty.

Chinese Shar-Pei

The Chinese Shar-Pei is an ancient breed that dates back over 2,000 years to the Han Dynasty. Originally bred in southern China, Shar-Peis were used for guarding farms, hunting wild boar, and even as fighting dogs. Their unique wrinkled appearance made them easily recognizable, and their history is intertwined with Chinese culture.

Physical Traits: Shar-Peis are known for their distinctive wrinkled skin, short bristly coat, and blue-black tongue. Their small, triangular ears and compact body give them a unique and memorable appearance. They come in several colors, including black, fawn, red, and cream.

Facts

• Shar-Peis almost went extinct in the 20th century due to political and economic changes in China but were revived by breeders in Hong Kong.
• Their wrinkled skin was originally thought to help them fend off attackers during fights.

Alaskan Malamute

The Alaskan Malamute is a native breed of Alaska, developed by the indigenous Inuit people over 4,000 years ago. These powerful dogs were used for hauling heavy loads across the snowy landscapes of the Arctic. Their incredible strength and endurance made them essential for survival in some of the harshest climates on Earth.

Physical Traits: Alaskan Malamutes are large, sturdy dogs with thick, double-layered coats designed to keep them warm in extreme cold. Their coats are often gray, black, or sable with white markings. They have a strong, muscular build and a tail that curls over their back.

Facts

• Alaskan Malamutes were often used in expeditions to the North and South Poles due to their endurance and strength.
• Despite their wolf-like appearance, Malamutes are friendly, affectionate, and love to be around their family.

Chow Chow

The Chow Chow is another ancient breed that hails from northern China, with a history that spans over 2,000 years. These dogs were initially used for hunting, guarding, and even as a food source in some regions of China. Their distinctive appearance and temperament have made them popular in Chinese folklore and art.

Physical Traits: Chow Chows are known for their lion-like mane, stocky build, and dense double coat. One of their most notable features is their blue-black tongue, which sets them apart from most other breeds. Their coat colors range from red to black, blue, cinnamon, and cream.

Facts

• Chow Chows are independent and sometimes aloof, more like cats in their temperament.
• Their blue-black tongue is a rare trait, shared by only a few other breeds.

Siberian Husky

The Siberian Husky has been a part of human history for over 4,000 years, and it was bred by the Chukchi people of Siberia. These dogs were used to pull sleds over long distances in freezing temperatures, helping their owners hunt and travel across the tundra. They are known for their endurance and ability to thrive in cold climates.

Physical Traits: Siberian Huskies are medium-sized dogs with thick, double coats, erect ears, and striking blue or multi-colored eyes. Their athletic build allows them to run for miles, and their coat helps them stay warm in sub-zero temperatures.

Facts

• Siberian Huskies gained worldwide fame during the 1925 “Serum Run” in Alaska, where they helped deliver life-saving medicine to a remote town.
• They are known for their friendly and outgoing personalities but require plenty of exercise.

Pharaoh Hound

The Pharaoh Hound is believed to be one of the oldest dog breeds, with origins dating back over 5,000 years to ancient Egypt. These sleek, graceful dogs were used by Egyptian nobility for hunting game. They are often depicted in hieroglyphs and tomb paintings, making them a part of ancient Egyptian culture.

Physical Traits: Pharaoh Hounds are athletic, medium-sized dogs with short coats and amber eyes. Their sleek bodies are built for speed and agility, and they are known for their distinctive “blushing” when they are excited, their noses and ears turning a rosy color.

Facts

• Pharaoh Hounds are incredibly fast runners and excellent hunters, especially of rabbits.
• Despite their ancient lineage, they are known for being playful and loving companions.

Tibetan Mastiff

The Tibetan Mastiff is a giant breed that originated in the Himalayan mountains, where it was used to guard monasteries and villages from intruders, including predators like wolves and snow leopards. With a history that spans over 3,000 years, these dogs were bred for their strength and protective instincts.

Physical Traits: Tibetan Mastiffs are massive dogs with thick, heavy coats designed to keep them warm in the cold mountain climate. Their coats come in various colors, including black, brown, and gold. They have a majestic appearance, with a muscular build and a powerful presence.

Facts

• Tibetan Mastiffs are known for their independence and strong-willed nature, often requiring experienced owners.
• In ancient times, they were considered sacred guardians of monasteries, believed to have spiritual significance.

Why These Breeds Have Survived Through Millennia

These breeds have survived for thousands of years due to their adaptability, resilience, and unique roles in human history. Whether serving as hunters, protectors, or companions, these dogs were bred for specific purposes, and their genetic traits allowed them to thrive in various environments. Their unwavering loyalty and companionship have ensured their place in our lives for generations.

Conclusion

The ten oldest dog breeds on this list have not only survived the test of time but have played a significant role in shaping human history. From ancient Egyptian hunting dogs to loyal Japanese companions, these breeds offer us a glimpse into the past while continuing to be cherished members of our families. As we look to the future, their legacy lives on, reminding us of the deep bond we share with our canine companions.

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